Acute kidney failure, also known as acute kidney injury (AKI), is a sudden and rapid loss of kidney function that occurs over a short period of time. This condition is characterized by a significant decrease in the kidneys' ability to filter and remove waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes from the blood. As a result, these substances may accumulate in the body, leading to various complications if not promptly treated.

Chronic kidney failure, also known as chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a long-term condition where the kidneys gradually lose their ability to function properly over an extended period. Unlike acute kidney failure, which occurs suddenly and may be reversible with prompt treatment. Chronic Kidney Disease is not reversible, however there are many way to help reduce symptoms and improve longevity.

Uncontrolled blood pressure, also referred to as uncontrolled hypertension, occurs when a person's blood pressure remains persistently high despite efforts to bring it within a healthy range. Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps it around the body. Uncontrolled hypertension is a serious medical concern as it significantly increases the risk of various health issues.

Leg edema and swelling refer to the accumulation of fluid in the tissues of the legs, leading to noticeable puffiness and enlargement. This condition can occur due to various underlying factors, and it is often a symptom of an underlying health issue rather than a disease itself. Common issues that cause edema and swelling including Fluid Retention, Venous Insufficiency, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), Heart Failure, and Kidney Disease.

Electrolyte imbalances can contribute to kidney disease by disrupting the normal functioning of the kidneys and causing damage to these vital organs. Electrolytes are minerals in the body that carry an electric charge and are essential for various physiological processes. Common electrolytes include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of these electrolytes in the blood and body fluids.

Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, are solid mineral and salt deposits that form in the kidneys. They can vary in size, from tiny grains to larger, more substantial formations. Kidney stones are a common medical condition, and they can be quite painful when they move through the urinary tract.

The formation of kidney stones occurs when there is an imbalance in the concentration of certain substances in the urine, such as calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine. When the urine becomes too concentrated with these substances, they can crystallize and stick together, forming a stone.